Chemistry

1. Periodic Properties and Variations of Properties

Periodicity in the modern periodic table and the variation of atomic size, ionisation energy, electron affinity and metallic character.

2. Chemical Bonding

Electrovalent, covalent and co-ordinate bonding, and the properties of the compounds formed.

3. Study of Acids, Bases and Salts

Definitions, strength, pH, types of salts and methods of salt preparation.

4. Analytical Chemistry

Identification of cations using sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide solutions and the colours of the precipitates formed.

5. Mole Concept and Stoichiometry

Gay-Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, relative atomic and molecular masses, molar volume, and calculations from equations.

6. Electrolysis

Electrolytes and non-electrolytes, the electrochemical series, electrolysis of molten and aqueous compounds, and electroplating.

7. Metallurgy

Occurrence of metals, dressing of ores, extraction and refining of aluminium, and the composition and uses of alloys.

8. Study of Compounds: Hydrogen Chloride

Preparation and properties of hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid.

9. Study of Compounds: Ammonia

Preparation, manufacture and properties of ammonia and ammonium hydroxide.

10. Study of Compounds: Nitric Acid

Laboratory preparation and properties of nitric acid, including its oxidising action.

11. Study of Compounds: Sulphuric Acid

Manufacture by the contact process, and the properties of dilute and concentrated sulphuric acid.

12. Organic Chemistry

Tetravalency of carbon, homologous series, IUPAC nomenclature, isomerism, and alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and alcohols.